He became world-renowned, as well as controversial, because of his actions and statements about black empowerment at a time when the concept was virtually unknown. Now, Marcus Garvey, the organizational leader who ended up being convicted of mail fraud a century ago,

President Joe Biden has posthumously pardoned Black nationalist Marcus Garvey, who influenced Malcolm X and other Black civil rights leaders and was convicted of mail fraud in the 1920s.

Marcus Mosiah Garvey was the most famous black man on the planet. The Jamaican-born black nationalist led the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), a mass movement of